The lifespan of betta fish is significantly influenced by factors like species and breeding conditions. Below is a comprehensive analysis:
I. Lifespan Differences by Species
Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens)
Typical lifespan: 2–4 years, but the actual display period (optimal ornamental condition) lasts only about 1 year.
Approximately 80% of individuals have weakened constitutions due to 渔场用药 (fish farm medications like yellow powder), failing to survive beyond 5 months.
Chinese Betta (Macropodus opercularis)
Average lifespan: 2–3 years; males can reach 3–5 years under ideal conditions.
Captive-bred individuals live significantly longer than wild ones (wild lifespan: only 1–2 years).
II. Key Factors Affecting Lifespan
Breeding Environment
Water temperature: Maintain stability at 24–27°C (for Chinese bettas) or use neutral soft water (pH 6.5–7.0).
In the wild, lifespan is shortened by over 50% due to food scarcity, pollution, and other issues.
Husbandry Management
Regular tank cleaning and toxin control extend lifespan.
Feeding a diverse diet (e.g., live prey, commercial pellets) helps bettas live 5–6 years.
Gender Differences
Males generally outlive females by 1–2 years.
III. Special Cases
Rarely, meticulously cared-for captive individuals survive 5–6 years, but commercially advertised "3–7 year" claims should be viewed with caution. Ornamental quality declines significantly with age, and aging signs emerge gradually after 2 years.