The average lifespan of betta fish varies depending on species, gender, and feeding conditions. Here’s the key information summarized from comprehensive research:
1. Siamese Fighting Fish (Betta splendens) Lifespan
Average Lifespan: Typically 2–3 years. Male bettas can live 3–6 years under ideal conditions, and very few individuals may reach 8 years.
Gender Difference: Females generally live slightly shorter (2–3 years), while males tend to have longer lifespans due to sturdier constitutions.
Optimal Viewing Period: The best (ornamental period) is around 1 year old, after which their condition gradually declines.
2. Chinese Fighting Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Lifespan
Average Lifespan: Commonly 2–3 years. Males may live up to 3–5 years in suitable environments.
Relationship Between Body Size and Lifespan: Adults grow 5–10 cm long. Individuals over 8 cm have usually survived for more than 1 year, with a lifespan ceiling of about 3 years.
3. Influencing Factors
Feeding Environment: Water quality (temperature 24–28°C, pH 6.5–7.5), dissolved oxygen, and regular water changes can significantly extend lifespan.
Wild vs. Captive Breeding: Wild bettas live 1–2 years, while captive ones can live 2–5 years. High-quality environments may even exceed 5 years.
4. Aging and Ornamental Value
Bettas are most visually striking at 1 year old. After 2 years, they start to fade in color and lose vitality. Their natural aging process is hard to reverse.
In summary: Most bettas live 2–3 years, but scientific care (e.g., stable water quality and avoiding frequent breeding) can help extend their lifespan to the upper limit.