A Detailed Guide to Guppy Birthing Signs
I. Physical Appearance Changes
Darkening of the Gravid Spot
Common Varieties: The gravid spot gradually changes from light gray to dark black, covering more than 2/3 of the abdomen.
Albino/Transparent Varieties: The gravid spot appears orange-red or bright red. For some transparent varieties, the eyes of the fry (baby guppies) can be seen directly through the abdomen.
Abdominal Shape Transformation
The abdomen changes from a rounded shape to a distinct square outline; sharp edges are visible when viewed from the side.
The genital pore protrudes and turns outward at a 90-degree angle. A translucent egg sac may be visible near the anus of some female guppies.
Body Swelling
The abdomen becomes extremely distended just before birth, which may press on the internal organs and cause the female guppy to swim slowly.
II. Abnormal Behaviors
Decreased Activity
The female guppy often hides in aquatic plants, corners, or stays motionless at the bottom of the tank. Alternatively, she may swim up and down frequently, appearing restless.
Increased Aggressiveness
She chases away other fish that get close, and may even actively attack fish of the same species.
Rapid Breathing
The frequency of gill opening and closing increases significantly, which may be caused by oxygen deficiency or stress.
III. Physiological Reactions
Loss of Appetite
Food intake decreases to 1/3 of the normal amount, and the female guppy may stop eating entirely 1–2 days before giving birth.
Abnormal Excretion
She excretes large, black feces, which may be undigested fetal membranes or secretions.
IV. Preparation for Birth
Timely Isolation
After observing 2–3 birthing signs, move the female guppy to a separate breeding box immediately to prevent the fry from being eaten.
Environmental Adjustments
Maintain the water temperature at 26–28°C (78.8–82.4°F), and provide dense aquatic plants or a separation net as shelter.
Dim the lighting to reduce stress on the female guppy.
(Note: For transparent guppy varieties, determine if birth is imminent by observing the fry’s eyes through the abdomen or the movement of the female’s abdomen.)