Here’s a detailed guide to the characteristics and care tips for pregnant female guppies:
I. Pregnancy Indicators
1. Spot Changes (Gravid Patches)
Dark patches form near the genital opening: black in common breeds, red or pink in albino varieties.
Patches deepen in color and expand in size before delivery, with the genital opening visibly protruding.
2. Abdominal Shape
In late pregnancy, the abdomen swells into a square shape and droops noticeably when viewed from the side.
3. Behavioral Changes
Reduced activity; often hides among plants or in corners.
May refuse food or swim erratically up and down in the days before giving birth.
II. Breeding Cycle
1. Gestation Period
Approximately 21–30 days, though warmer water (28°C) may shorten it to 20 days.
2. Fry Count
10–120 fry per birth; larger females typically produce more offspring.
III. Care Essentials
1. Isolation for Delivery
Move the female to a breeding tank or (breeding box) once the gravid patch expands to protect fry from being eaten.
2. Water Quality Management
Maintain water temperature at 24–26°C and pH 7.0–7.5. Avoid abrupt water changes, which can stress the mother.
3. Postpartum Care
Keep the female in a separate tank for 2–3 days to rest. Feed high-protein foods like brine shrimp to aid recovery.
IV. Common Misconceptions
Bloated abdomens can signal constipation, infection, or dropsy—not just pregnancy.
Chasing behavior is normal courtship, not a sign of pregnancy.
For breed-specific nuances (e.g., red gravid patches in albino guppies), always reference the traits of your specific strain.